THE MONTH OF JUNE

We were given a worksheet to work on to prepare for our final

PS: if we finish our worksheet then we get 1% higher than our original marks! YAAAAAAY MR.DOKTOR :)

MAY 27

Dear mr. Doktor,

we weren't in class (due to preparing for the sports banquet) but we got a few notes from the other students in our class.

- We needed the following materials: isopropyl alcohol, methanol, salicylic acid, acetic acid, concentrated sulphuric acid, 2 x 200 mL beakers, ice water, eye droppers, and test tubes

- Remember that esterfication is the formation of an Ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol

- Esters are responsible for many common smells:
isoamyl acetate-----> banana
isobutyl salicylate-----> raspberry
methyl salicylate----->wintergreen
ethyl butyrate-----> pineapple
benzyl butyrate-----> cherry
ethyl propionate-----> rum
isopropyl acetate-----> perfume
benzyl acetate-----> peach
methyl butyrate----->apple
octyl acetate----->orange
propyl acetate-----> pear
ethyl phenylacetate-----> honey

1) We used a hot plate to heat up about 150 mL of water in a beaker
2) We added one scoop of salicylic acid to a test tube
3) We added 15 drops of methanol to the same test tube
4) We added 2-4 drops of Sulphuric acid (Had to be careful however as sulphuric acid is very corrosive)
5) We placed the test tube in the hot water bath for 15 minutes and placed a 10 ml beaker over the test tube
6) We colled the test tube in the ice water bath for 2 minutes

hope this makes up for it!!

7) We wafted the fumes toward our noses to carefully smell the test tube. Success! Wintergreen!

MAY 25

Today in class we got into groups of 2 or 3 and we were given molecules !!! yaaay and we were given an amount of time to see how many we could built :)

My group and i only got up to 11 but we were having so much fun that we decided to finish it :)

here are the the molecules that we had to build !!!!!!!!!

1) Methyl butanoate
2) dichloroethane
3) 3 enthyl 2 pentanone
4) Acetic acid
5) dimethyl ether
6) ethyl propyl ether
7) 2 bromo 4,4 dimethyl pentanal
8) 2,3 pentadiol
9) ethylamide
11) 2, 2 dimethyl butylamide
12) propyl butanoate
13) Formaldehyde
14) Phenol
15) 3 choloro 3 methyl 2 butanone

MAY 19

AMINES

-contains nitrogen with carbon chains --> primary, secondary, tertiary.

******remember nitrogen can have up to 3 bonds********

- Make up amino acids (amine and carboxyclic acid)
- Naming: Alkyl prefix with -amine ending
- Two ways of naming: Example- Another way of saying methylamine is aminomethane

here is a youtube video where it'll explain it more in depth

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0i74H9-VMs

AMIDES

- General group: Double-bonded oxygen to carbon and NH2
- Naming: Use carbon prefix and -amide suffix
- Building block of proteins
-Nylon/Kevlar/Penicillin/LSD

and here is an example of a guy teaching amides

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JxBxHEoyZI

MAY 17

ALDEHYDES

- Double bonded O, single bonded H at the end of a chain
Naming: change the -e ending to -al

- Found in insect bites
- Building blocks of fats/steroids

- found in flavoring, perfumes, cospectics, fruits, vegetables oil
- They are formed by esterfication of carboxylic acids
- Name the primary chain with -yl ending
- Secondary chain ends in -oate

MAY 13

FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

1. Halides

-group 17 elements

-bromine (bromo), Chlorine (chloro), Flourine (floro)

F- -F

C=C

Br- -Cl

answer: 1 bromo 2 chloro
1,2 floro 1 ethene

2. Alcohols

-have an OH (hydroxyl) functional group

-changing the ending to -- OL

-Cl -OH

CH3 - C - CH - CH3

-Br

answer: 3 bromo 2 butanol

3 chloro

3. Ethers

-there is an oxygen atom in between two carbon chains

-use side chain endings (-YL) for both chains followed by ether

CH3 - CH2 - O - CH2 - CH2 - CH3

answer: ethyl propyl ether

4. Ketone

-double bonded oxygen

-change ending to --ONE

=O -Cl

H3C - C - CH2 - C - CH3

-CH2

-Ch3

answer: 4 methyl 4 chloro

2 hexanone

MAY 5 2010

(this is a continuing of the last class`notes)

B. ALKENES
-all the same rules for naming apply
-use the correct prefix and -ene ending
-identify the location of the double bond using carbon numbers

Examples
1. NAME

CH2=CH-CH2-CH3

answer: 1-Butene

2. Draw the structural formula for 2 methyl 1 pentene

H2C=C-CH2-CH2-CH3

3. NAME

H2C=CH-CH=CH-CH3

1,3 PENTADIENE (add a+di,tri,etc to double bonds)

4. NAME
CH3

H2C= CH-C-=CH-CH3

3 methyl 1,3 pentadiene

C. TRIPLE BONDS
-use- YNE ending

5. NAME

ASK FOR EXAMPLES

*your triple and double bonds must be included in your longest chain.
*double and triple cannot be side chains
*it has to be alphabetical when you state your answers

****HOMEWORK***** finish last class`worksheet and do numbers 1,2,3 in your new worksheet!