- understanding matter begins with how we name it. We can divide matter into two types: Homogeneous Substances & Heterogeneous Substances
- HOMOGENEOUS: consists of only one visible component
-distilled water, oxygen, graphite - HETEROGENEOUS: contain more than one visible component
-chocolate chip cookie, granite
B. PURE SUBSTANCES
- there are two types of pure substances:
-Elements: substances cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions (oxygen, iron, magnesium)
-Compounds: substances that are made up of two or more elements and can be changed into elements (or other compounds) by chemical reactions (water, chocolate chips, sugar)
C. TELLING THE DIFFERENCE
- it is often very difficult to know if something is an element or a compound
-only 'visible' on the atomic level - one method is to connect the substance to an electric current. This technique, called electrolysis, can split the compound apart into its constituent elements
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