MAY 17

ALDEHYDES

- Double bonded O, single bonded H at the end of a chain
Naming: change the -e ending to -al

- Found in insect bites
- Building blocks of fats/steroids

- found in flavoring, perfumes, cospectics, fruits, vegetables oil
- They are formed by esterfication of carboxylic acids
- Name the primary chain with -yl ending
- Secondary chain ends in -oate

MAY 13

FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

1. Halides

-group 17 elements

-bromine (bromo), Chlorine (chloro), Flourine (floro)

F- -F

C=C

Br- -Cl

answer: 1 bromo 2 chloro
1,2 floro 1 ethene

2. Alcohols

-have an OH (hydroxyl) functional group

-changing the ending to -- OL

-Cl -OH

CH3 - C - CH - CH3

-Br

answer: 3 bromo 2 butanol

3 chloro

3. Ethers

-there is an oxygen atom in between two carbon chains

-use side chain endings (-YL) for both chains followed by ether

CH3 - CH2 - O - CH2 - CH2 - CH3

answer: ethyl propyl ether

4. Ketone

-double bonded oxygen

-change ending to --ONE

=O -Cl

H3C - C - CH2 - C - CH3

-CH2

-Ch3

answer: 4 methyl 4 chloro

2 hexanone

MAY 5 2010

(this is a continuing of the last class`notes)

B. ALKENES
-all the same rules for naming apply
-use the correct prefix and -ene ending
-identify the location of the double bond using carbon numbers

Examples
1. NAME

CH2=CH-CH2-CH3

answer: 1-Butene

2. Draw the structural formula for 2 methyl 1 pentene

H2C=C-CH2-CH2-CH3

3. NAME

H2C=CH-CH=CH-CH3

1,3 PENTADIENE (add a+di,tri,etc to double bonds)

4. NAME
CH3

H2C= CH-C-=CH-CH3

3 methyl 1,3 pentadiene

C. TRIPLE BONDS
-use- YNE ending

5. NAME

ASK FOR EXAMPLES

*your triple and double bonds must be included in your longest chain.
*double and triple cannot be side chains
*it has to be alphabetical when you state your answers

****HOMEWORK***** finish last class`worksheet and do numbers 1,2,3 in your new worksheet!

MAY 3 2010

Today in class we learned something new!!!!

**must remember** CARBONS have to have 4 BONDS!!
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

-organic chemistry is the study of the carbon atom and its compounds.

-carbon compounds outnumber all other compounds combined!

-->carbon can form many different bonds

-->bonds can have different arrangements

-->carbon can form long chains

HYDROCARBON HIERARCHY

ISOMERS

One molecular formula can represent several different compounds. These are called iomers.

C4H10

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3

**RULES**

ALKANES

1. Circle the longest carbon chain. Name the chain with the appropriate prefix and the --ANE ending!

2. Locate any side chains by numbering the carbon chain. Use the lowest possible numbers.

3. Name the side chaine with appropriate prefix and --Y ending!

4. If there are more than one of the same chain alkyl side chain add the multiplier in front of the branch name.

EXAMPLES:

ask either on of your group members for the examples because they are honestly way too hard to draw on this blog! (=D)

but here is a link to a few examples

http://butane.chem.uiuc.edu/cyerkes/Chem104A_BFA05/Genchemref/ex_alkanes.GIF

and if you were sick, make sure you go to mr.doktor to ask him for help...

HOMEWORK: worksheet on ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

do not do-----> #3,6,8,10, & 13 h,i,j,k